Effect of Different level of Nitrogen and Vermicompost on Quantitative and Quali-tative Traits of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

BACKGROUND: Wheat produces more than 50 percent of requirements protein and calorie for human nutrition in Iran. Management of nitrogen fertilizing is important to increasing wheat production. So, among chemical fertilizer a high correlation reported between nitrogen and yield. Also to improve physical, chemical and biological properties of soil, organic fertilizer such as vermicompost can be applied. OBJECTIVES: This research was carried out to assessment effect of different level of nitrogen fertilizer and vermicompost on crop production, concentration of protein and nitrogen in seed and straw and nitrogen harvest index of wheat. METHODS: Current study was conducted according factorial experiment based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications along 2013-2014 agronomic years. The Main plot included nitrogen fertilizer at four level (0 or control, 50, 100 and 150 kg.ha-1) and vermicompost at four level (nonuse of vermicompost or control, 2.5, 5 and 10 t.ha-1) belonged to sub plot. RESULT: According result of analysis of variance effect of different level of nitrogen, vermicompost and interaction effect of treatments on all studied traits was significant at 1% probability level. Evaluation mean comparison result revealed in different level of nitrogen the maximum seed yield (6484 kg.ha-1) seed nitrogen content (3.95%) seed nitrogen yield (18.42 gr.m-2) seed protein content (18.4%) Straw nitrogen content (1.51%) straw nitrogen yield (16.1 gr.m-2) and nitrogen harvest index (66.95%) was noted for 150 kg.ha-1 and minimum of measured traits belonged to control treatment. Also compare different level of vermicompost showed that the maximum and the minimum amount of studied traits belonged to 10 t.ha-1 and control, respectively. Assessment mean comparison result of interaction effect of treatments indicated the highest amount of all measured traits were noted for 150 kg.ha-1 nitrogen with 10 t.ha-1 vermicompost and lowest ones belonged to control treatment. CONCLUSION: Finally according result of current study application 150 kg.ha-1 nitrogen fertilizer and 10 t.ha-1 vermicompost led to achieve highest amount of crop production, seed nitrogen and protein content, straw nitrogen content and nitrogen yield and nitrogen harvest index, so it can be advised to producers.